chalcogenides.com

Vahid G. Ta’eed1, Neil J. Baker1, Libin Fu1, Klaus Finsterbusch1, Michael R.E. Lamont1,

David J. Moss1, Hong C. Nguyen1, Benjamin J. Eggleton1*, Duk Yong Choi2,

Steven Madden2, and Barry Luther-Davies2

1Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optics Systems (CUDOS)

School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

2Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optics Systems (CUDOS)

Laser Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

http://www.cudos.org.au/

*Corresponding author: egg@physics.usyd.edu.au

Abstract: Chalcogenide glasses offer large ultrafast third-order

nonlinearities, low two-photon absorption and the absence of free carrier

absorption in a photosensitive medium. This unique combination of

properties is nearly ideal for all-optical signal processing devices. In this

paper we review the key properties of these materials, outline progress in

the field and focus on several recent highlights: high quality gratings,

http://oe.osa.org/DirectPDFAccess/08D04207-BDB9-137E-C784516F9E4BD98A_139877.pdf?da=1&id=139877&seq=0&CFID=49370052&CFTOKEN=43942757

Mellikov, E. (Tallinn Univ. of Technol., Estonia); Hiie, J.; Altosaar, M. Source: International Journal of Materials & Product Technology, v 28, n 3-4, 2007, p 291-311

Inorganic porous materials are being developed for use as molecular sieves, ion exchangers, and catalysts, but most are oxides. We show that various sulfide and selenide clusters, when bound to metal ions, yield gels having porous frameworks. These gels are transformed to aerogels after supercritical drying with carbon dioxide. The aerogels have high internal surface area (up to 327 square meters per gram) and broad pore size distribution, depending on the precursors used. The pores of these sulfide and selenide materials preferentially absorb heavy metals. These materials have narrow energy gaps (between 0.2 and 2.0 electron volts) and low densities, and they may be useful in optoelectronics, as photocatalysts, or in the removal of heavy metals from water.

^{Full article:
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/317/5837/490}

By Julie Steenhuysen

CHICAGO (Reuters) - A new porous material can soak up heavy metals from liquids like a sponge, U.S. researchers said on Thursday, offering a host of potential uses including removing pollutants such as mercury or lead from water.

The material is an aerogel, a type of rigid foam made from a gel in which most of the liquid has been replaced by gas.

"What we've made is a new kind of aerogel that is made of the same stuff that semiconductors are made of," said Mercouri Kanatzidis, a researcher with Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory.

Classical aerogels -- which are made of silica or carbon -- have been around for many decades. "They are white and colorless and don't absorb any light," Kanatzidis said in a telephone interview.

Kanatzidis has made aerogels from chalcogenides, which are used in semiconductors.

"These new aerogels absorb light and they can be changed in composition from one kind to another," said Kanatzidis, whose work appears in the journal Science.

Read the article here:
http://www.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUSN2618995520070726